The Origin and Development of the Trinity
according to Trinitarian Scholars
Study Section I
The Following are books written by Catholic Scholars to address the issue of the Trinity according to the Catholic faith. Any true scholar can surely see that these men did not use the "Entire" word of God to base their theology upon. Rather they chose specific passages to build on their theology, because, influence, pagan tribute in a Roman Nation filled with paganism, and governing power was the mindset of Rome. When she allowed these idolatries to be engrafted into her church, Rome re-established the teachings of Nimrod into the New Testament Age, and into church dogma. We will learn more of this as the study progresses. You will find detailed information in the links provided with this study. The Roman mindset and methodology used to uphold its Global influence over religious nations, is the very reason tritheism was re-establish and given a doorway into the New Testament Age. This is one of the reasons why the Apostle Paul wrote to Timothy concerning study and "Rightly Dividing the Word of God". For Paul knew, there would come a time when men would corrupt the doctrine he had delivered, and form new doctrines "OF MEN":
2Tm:2:15: Study to shew thyself approved unto God, a workman that needeth not to be ashamed, rightly dividing the word of truth.
Reference material on the Catholic Dogma
The Catholic Handbook, 1988:
"The Catholic Church teaches that the fathomless mystery we call God has revealed himself to human-kind as a Trinity of Persons -- the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit.
Three Persons, One God
The Mystery of the Trinity is the central doctrine of Catholic faith. Upon it are based all the other teachings of the Church. The church studied the mystery with great care and, after four centuries of clarification, decided to state the doctrine in this way:
"In the unity of the Godhead there are three persons, the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit, truly distinct from one another."
The Church of our Fathers - 1950, pg. 46:
"The day was to come when the Nicene party won out completely and then the emperors, who wished to prevent any more such quarrels, decreed that one who denied the Trinity should be put to death. This law was later to be used against the Unitarians (Oneness Faith Believers). At the earlier time, however, the bishops were horrified that the truth should be defended by the shedding of blood."
The American Peoples Encyclopedia, 1975:
"TRINITY: The doctrine of the trinity was made official by the Council of Nicea (A.D. 325) and was given its definitive statement by the Council of Constantinople (A.D. 381)."
Catholic Encyclopedia, 1911:
"Other Arian sects, such as the Eunomians and Aetians, baptized in; THE DEATH OF CHRIST." Converts from Sabellianism were ordered by the First Council of Constantinople (can.vii) to be re-baptized because the doctrine of Sabellius claimed that there was but one person in the Trinity. Pope Innocent I (As. Episc., Maced., vi) declares that these sectaries did not distinguish the Persons of the Trinity when baptizing. The Council of Nicea (can. xix) ordered the rebaptism of Paulianists, and the Council of Aries (can. XVI and XVII) decreed the same for both Paulianists and Photinians. There has been a Theological controversy over the question as to whether baptism in the name of Christ only was ever held valid. Certain texts in the New Testament have given rise to this difficulty. St. Paul (Acts, xix) command some disciples at Ephesus to be baptized in Christ's name. "They were baptized in the name of the Lord Jesus." In Acts, X, we read that St. Peter ordered others to be baptized "in the name of Jesus Christ", and above all we have the explicit command of the Prince of the Apostles; "Be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ, for the remission of your sins" Acts, ii). Owing to these texts some theologians have held that the Apostles baptized in the name of Christ only. St. Thomas, St. Bonaventure, and Albertus Magnus are invoked as authorities for this opinion, they declaring that the Apostles so acted by special dispensation. Other writers, as Peter Lombard and Hugh of St. Victor, hold also that such baptism would be valid. The authority of Pope Stephen I has been alleged for the validity of baptism given tin the name of Christ only.
History of Dogma, 1950:
"As to Baptism, which was administered in the name of the Father, Son, and Spirit, though Cyprian, Ep. 73:16-18, felt compelled to oppose the custom of baptizing I the name of Jesus."
Encyclopedia Britannica, 1976:
"Trinity, the doctrine of God taught by orthodox Christianity. It asserts that God is one in essence, but three in "person", Father, Son, and Holy Spirit.
Biblical Basis: Neither the word "Trinity" nor the explicit doctrine as such appears at any one place in the Bible. The ecclesiastical dogma is an effort to unite one confession all the several strains of the biblical description of God. Fundamental to the description in both the Old Testament and the New is the monotheistic credo summarized in the Shema of Deut. 6:4 "Hear, O Israel: The Lord our God is one Lord. " Neither Jesus nor his early followers intended anything they said about their new revelation to contradict that credo. At the same time, Christianity was compelled from its earliest beginnings to cope with the implication of the coming of Jesus Christ. The early Christians spoke to Jesus and about him in titles that put him above the merely human; they ascribed to him powers and works that transcended the natural realm; they sang to him "as God," as their Roman enemies reported (see Jesus Christ). They were also aware of a presence and power of God in their midst that was distinct from, yet not alien to, Jesus Christ and the one whom he had taught them to call his Father; this was the Holy Spirit, whose coming was connected with the celebration of Pentecost."
Historical Development: "Nevertheless, the awareness of these implication did not spring into the Christian consciousness all at once but developed over several centuries and through many controversies. Initially, both the requirements of the monotheism inherited from the Old Testament and the implication of the need to interpret biblical teaching to Greco-Roman paganism seemed to demand that the divine in Christ as the word of "Logos" be seen as subordinate to the Supreme Deity."
Many of the early Church Fathers, even the most orthodox, seemed to incline in one or the other direction. It was not until the 4th century that the distinctness of the three taught by subordinationism and their unity taught by modalism were brought together in a single orthodox doctrine of one essence and three persons. Their Council of Nicea in 325 AD stated the crucial formula for that doctrine in its confession that the Son is "of the same essence [homoousious] as the Father," even though it said very little about the Holy Spirit.
Over the next half-century Athanasius (q.v.) defined and refined the Nicene formula, and by the end of the 4th century, under the leadership of Basil, Gregory of Myssa, and Gregory Nazianzus (qq.v.), The doctrine of the Trinity took substantially the form it has maintained ever since.
The Encyclopedia of Religion, Vol. 15, 1987:
Development of Trinitarian Doctrine. Exegetes and theologians today are in agreement that the Hebrew Bible does not contain a doctrine of the Trinity, even though it was customary in past dogmatic tract on the Trinity to cite texts like Genesis 1:26, "Let us make humanity in our image, after our likeness" (see also Gn. 3:22, 11:7, Is 6:2-3) as proof of plurality in God. When it states, "Let us make humanity in our image, after our likeness" God is talking to us, the church. The Trinitarians completely miss the spiritual teachings of Genesis. Genesis is also a great book with much spiritual insight.
The Hebrew Bible depicts God as the father of Israel and employs personifications of God such as Word (Davar), Spirit (ruah), Wisdom (hokhmah), and Presence (Shekhinah), it would go beyond the intention and spirit of the Old Testament to correlate these notions with later Trinitarian doctrine.
Further, exegetes and theologians agree that the New Testament also does not contain an explicit doctrine of the Trinity. God the Father is the source of all that is (Pantkrator) and also the father of Jesus Christ: "Father" is not a title for the first person of the Trinity but a synonym for God." "The language of the Bible, of early Christian creeds, and of Greek and Latin theology prior to the fourth century is "economic" (oikonomia, divine management of earthly affairs). It is oriented to the concrete history of creation and redemption: God initiates a covenant with Israel, God speaks through the prophets, God put on son flesh in Christ, God dwells within a Spirit. In the New Testament there is no reflective consciousness of the metaphysical nature of God ("immanent trinity"), nor does the New Testament contain the technical language of later doctrine (hupostasis, ousia, substantia, subsistentia, prosopon, and persona). Some theologians have concluded that all post-biblical Trinitarian doctrine is therefore arbitrary. While it is incontestable that the doctrine cannot be established on scriptural evidence alone."
Dogmatic development took place gradually, against the background of the emanationist philosophy of Stoicism and Neo-Platonism (including the mystical theology of the latter). By the close of the fourth century the ORTHODOX teaching was in place: God is one nature, three persons (miaousia, treis hupostaseis). In the West, Tertullian (d.225?) formulated an economic Trinitarian theology that presents the three persons as a PLURALITY IN GOD."
The Catholic Encyclopedia VOL. 11 Page 47:
An International work of reference on the constitution, doctrine, discipline, and history of the Catholic Church under the auspices of the Knights of Columbus: - TRINITY: THE DOGMA OF THE TRINITY:
The Trinity is the term employed to signify the central doctrine of the Christian religion-the truth that in the unity of the Godhead there are THREE PERSONS, the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit, these THREE PERSONS being truly distinct one from another. The Persons are CO-ETERNAL and CO-EQUAL: all alike are uncreated and omnipotent. In Scripture there is as yet no single term by which the Divine Persons are denoted together. The word TPIAS (of which the Latin TRINITAS is a translation) is first found in Theophilus of Antioch about A.D. 180. He speaks of "the TRINITY of God [the Father], His WORD and His WISDOM" (AD. AUTO1.", II, 15, P.G., VI, 1078). The term may, of course have been in use before his time. Shortly afterwards it appears in its Latin form of TRINITAS in Tertullian ("De pud", c. xxi, P.G., II 1026). In the next century the word is in general use. It is found in many passages of origin. (NOTE THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS):
The writers of this school contend that THE DOCTRINE OF THE TRINITY, as professed by the Church, IS NOT CONTAINED IN THE NEW TESTAMENT, BUT IT WAS FIRST FORMULATED IN THE SECOND CENTURY AND RECEIVED FINAL APPROBATION IN THE FOURTH CENTURY, as the result of the Arian and Macedonian controversies."
The Encyclopedia Americana - 1956, VOL. XXVII, PAGE 294L:
"Christianity derived from Judaism and Judaism was (and still is) strictly Unitarian (Oneness - believing that God is only one). The road which led from Jerusalem to Nicea was scarcely a straight one. Forth century Trinitarianism did not reflect accurately early (Originally Apostolic) Christian teaching regarding the nature of God; it was on the contrary, and deviation from this teaching."
The New Catholic Encyclopedia - 1967, VOL. XIV, PAGE 299:
The formulation "one God in three Persons" was not solidly established, certainly not fully assimilated into Christian life and its profession of faith, PRIOR TO THE END OF THE 4TH CENTURY. But it is precisely this formulation that first claimed to title "The Trinitarian Dogma. AMONG THE APOSTOLIC FATHERS, THERE HAD BEEN NOTHING EVEN REMOTELY APPROACHING SUCH A MENTALITY OR PERSPECTIVE.
The Noveau Dictionary Universal - Edited by M. Lachatre, (1856-1870), VOL. 2, PAGE 1467:
"The Platonic trinity, itself merely a rearrangement of the older trinities dating back to earlier peoples, appears to be the rational philosophic trinity of attributes that gave birth to the three hypostases or divine persons taught by Christian churches… This Greek philosopher's (Plato) conception of the divine trinity… can be found in all the ancient (Pagan) religions."
Dictionary of the Bible - by John L. McKenzie S.J., (1965), PAGE 899:
"The Trinity of persons within the unity of nature is defined in terms of persons and nature which are GREEK PHILOSOPHICAL TERMS; ACTUALLY THE TERMS DO NOT APPEAR IN THE BIBLE. The Trinitarian definitions arose as the result of long controversies in which these terms and other such as essence and substance were erroneously applied to God by some theologians."
The Dictionary of the Bible - Edited by James Hastings (1963), PAGE 1015:
TRINITY, THE: The Christian doctrine of God (q.v.) as existing in three Persons and one Substance IS NOT DEMONSTRABLE BY LOGIC OF BY SCRIPTURAL PROOFS,… The term Trias was FIRST USED BY THEOPHILUS OF ANTIOCH (c. A.D. 180),… NOT FOUND IN SCRIPTURE… The chief Trinitarian text in the New Testament is the baptismal formula in Mt. 28:19. Note: (No on was baptized in this spirit, every one in the bible was rather baptized in the name of Jesus Christ. Trinitarians do not know the name of the one spirit (God). Mt. 28:19 says baptize in the NAME OF.
"Mt. 28:19: Go ye therefore, and teach all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost:"
In the HASTING BIBLE DICTIONARY UNDER BAPTISM, PAGE 88, we find the following true statements:
In order to rediscover the earliest statements on Christian baptism we must turn to Paul… 1Cor. 6:11: "But you were washed, (OR BAPTIZED) you were sanctified, you were justified IN THE NAME OF THE LORD JESUS CHRIST and in the Spirit of our God." The primitive church baptized "IN" and "INTO" the name of "JESUS".
The Two Babylons - by Alexander Hislop (1916) - [ Framed Version - Non Framed Version ]
Choose from the above link options to view this outstanding Study.In Rev. Hislop's Original Book - Page(s) 17-18 we find: "The Babylonians used the equilateral triangle to symbolize the Trinity just like the (Orghodox and Catholic Churches) do today. Many ancient pagan nations had three headed gods and a trinity doctrine. All these have existed from ancient times. While overlaid with idolatry, the recognition (and worship) of a Trinity was universal." You can also find this quote in Rev. Hislop's Online Book provide on this site by going to the section [ Trinity in Unity ]. Click the "Trinity in Unity" text link to visit that page now.
The Bible Almanac (1980), PAGE 540-541:
THE EARLY CHURCH UNDER CHRISTIAN BAPTISM - The early Christians were baptized in JESUS' NAME following Jesus example (cf. Mark 1:10, Gal. 3:27).
Kerygma of the Hellenistic Church (1950), PAGE 133:
UNDER THE SACRAMENTS - "As to the rite of baptism, it was normally consummated as a bath in which the one receiving baptism completely submerged, and if possible in flowing water as the allusions of Acts 8:36, Heb. 10:22, Barn. 11:11 permit us to gather, and as Did. 7:1-3 specifically says." Also we find this confession of what really happened to Matthew 28:19, and how the real early Church of the bible baptized. "The one's baptizing names over the one's being baptized in the name of "THE LORD JESUS CHRIST", later expanded (OR CHANGED) to the name of the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit-first attested in Did. 7:1.
Go to Study Section IV
Ancient Babylon: Triad, Triune, Trinity
| Back to the Start Page | Back One Page | Table of Contents |